Why septic tanks need pumpingA septic tank naturally separates wastewater into three layers:
- Scum: A layer of grease, oil, and lighter solids that floats on top.
- Effluent: The liquid wastewater in the middle, which exits the tank and flows into the drain field.
- Sludge: Heavier solids that settle at the bottom of the tank.
Over time, the solid layers (scum and sludge) build up and must be removed. If left untreated, the solids can flow into and clog the drain field, leading to sewage backups, foul odors, and expensive repairs. How often to pump a septic tankThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) recommends the following pumping schedule for a typical household:
- Standard septic tanks: Have the tank inspected at least every three years and pumped every three to five years.
- Alternative systems: If your system has electrical float switches, pumps, or other mechanical parts, it should be inspected more frequently, typically once a year.
- Garbage disposals: Using a garbage disposal adds solids and grease to the tank, requiring more frequent pumping.
What is involved in the pumping processSeptic tank pumping is a job for a professional septic service company.
- Locate the tank: The technician will find the tank's access port.
- Pump the tank: A large vacuum truck is used to pump all the solids and liquids out of the tank. The wastewater is then safely transported for disposal.
- Inspection and recommendations: During the process, the technician may inspect the tank's condition and make recommendations for future maintenance or repairs.